Electronic Passion - Techno Developments

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Developments

Electronic dance music started in Germany in the mid-1970s, and became popular with a Japanese band YMO "Yellow Magic Orchestra" that was established in 1978. In the late 1980s, different subgenres of techno music began to emerge, including hardcore techno, an intensified style typified by a fast tempo (around 160 bpm) and the rhythmic use of distorted and atonal industrial-like beats and samples, and ambient techno, with artists such as The Orb and Aphex Twin producing dub music and ambient influenced techno that later had an influence on artists dabbling in the minimal techno and what was originally techno's experimental offshoot, IDM. Acid techno, influenced by the heavy use of the Roland TB-303 for bass and lead sounds in the style of acid house, enjoyed a surge of popularity in the mid-1980s and went on to influence acid trance. Tech house music came to prominence in the late 1990s and combines the basic structure of house music with elements from techno such as shorter, often distorted kicks, smaller hi-hats, noisier snares and more synthetic or acid sounding synth lines.

Less well-known styles related to techno or its subgenres include Yorkshire bleeps and bass or "Bleep," a regional variant which was prominent in the late 1980s; wonky techno; ghettotech, which combines some of the aesthetics of techno with hip-hop, house music, and Miami bass; and the subgenres of hardcore techno, including gabber, speedcore, terrorcore, Schranz, breakcore and digital hardcore.

Occasionally, well-funded pop music producers will formulate a radio or club-friendly variant of techno. The music of Technotronic and 2 Unlimited. were early examples of this phenomenon. Established pop stars also sometimes get techno makeovers, such as when William Orbit produced Madonna's album Ray of Light.

In recent years, the publication of relatively accurate histories by authors Simon Reynolds (Generation Ecstasy aka Energy Flash) and Dan Sicko (Techno Rebels), plus mainstream press coverage of the Detroit Electronic Music Festival, have helped to diffuse the genre's more dubious mythology. Techno has further expanded into the charts as more artists such as Orbital, Underworld and Moby have made the style break through to the mainstream pop culture while producers and DJs such as Laurent Garnier, Dave Clarke, Richie Hawtin and Jeff Mills have continued to explore newer sounds.

Music: Dave Clarke - Red 1